E hutchison



' 2 Sheets-Sheet '1; H. HUTCHISON.

Grain-Drill.

No. 64,981. Patented May 21. 1867.

N:PETF.RS. FHOTO-UTHOGRAFHER. WASHINGTON. D. C.

goiter:

grates gamut @ffirr.

HENRY HUTCHISON, OF THREE RIVERS, M ICHIGAN.

Let zers Patent No. 64,981, dated May 21, 1867. i

fiilp gdgcmzle rcternh to TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

in tigrse h atus isms nut mating and at tip time.

Be it known that I, HENRY HUTOHIsON, of Three Rivers, in the county of St. Joseph, and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Seeding Cultivators, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which make part of this specification, and in which- Figure 1 represents a plan or top view of a machine embracing my improvements. Figure 2, a view in elevation of one side of the same, with the driving-wheel and pulleys removed.

Figure 3, a similar view from the rear with a portion of the machine re oved.

Figure 5, a view of the bottom of the sliding-bar which carries the ploughs.

Figure 6, a similar view of the marker; and

Figures 7, 8, and 9 are views of the d ifl'erent ploughs detached.

It is the object of my invention to produce a machine which will work effectively either as a cultivator, or

as a combined cultivator and seed-planter,

and my improvements consist in certain novel devices hereinafter more fully described for accomplishing this result.

' The machine travels upon two wheels A A, turning loosely on an axle, B, secured to the under side of the frame 0. A tongue, D, projects from the front of this frame. A box, IE, mounted on the front of this frame,

contains a single hopper, E", arranged above a double hopper, F. A driving-pulley, A on the hub of wheel A drives (by means of a band a) a pulley, A and a double-cranked shaft, G. The cranks g are arranged opposite each other on this shaft, but in th horizontally back and forth in grooves in t e same plane, and are connected by link-rods h to slides H moving be lower hopper F. The slides H are studded with a double row of spikes or teeth, It, perpendicular at their back edges, and sloped on their front edges, and resembling saw-teeth in their general appearance. The cranks g are arrangedsimilarly to the others, but work in loops 2' on the ends of lifting levers I, pivoted at i to the front of the hopper-box E, and reciprocating'up and down in vertical slots {2 in the rear side of the hopper-box.

Gates J slide up and down in guides in the back of the box, being provided with friction-rollers running in loops or slots 2' in the lever. A pulley, K, on wheel A drives a crankshaft, L, mounted on the frame in front of the hopper, by means of a band, is, and a pulley, K. 'The cranks lane arranged opposite each other, and (through connecting-rods Z) drive slides M, reciprocating back and forth in ways in the hopper E. The inner each other, and short enough to pass witho faces of these slides are armed with spikes m, arranged opposite to ut touching. They work in an opening in the bottom of hopper E.

Corrugated faces m, like a wash-board, are arranged on these slides below the spikes. A spout, N, arranged behind and beneath the hopper, conveys the seed to the ground just' back of a marking-plough, 0, arranged centrally beneath the hoppers. This marker 0 is pivoted to swing backwards in a socket, 0, provided with forked lugs 0 which embrace and slide endw'ise on pins 0 on the under side of a laterally'slidin'g bar, P. v A

drag-bar is pivoted to the front cross-bar o f the frame, and is bent into a hook, r, at its rear end, which hook extends through a slot in the leg or standard of the marker, and has a wooden pin passed through it behind the leg, to hold the marker up to its ordinary work, but to break when an obstacle is encountered, and allow the marker to swing back, thus escaping in keep the book from being pushed through standard by a hinged socket, O, and set ury. The end r of the hook is bent, as shown in the drawing, to the slot in backing the machine. The markeris clamped to the screw 0 by which means it can readily be removed,.replaced, or

reversed, or its angle to the line of draught changed. It is made somewhat inthe shape of a cross, its arms serving to sweep away clods or stones,',wl1ile, by using the longer or shorter arm down, the depth of the furrow may be increased or diminished. The front ploughs R are of an irregular hexagonal form, and are arranged in pairs on each side of the marker, with t he outer ones nearly i311 the same line as the marker, and the inner ones a few inches in advance of them. Their working edges, i will be observed, slope away from the marker on each side. They are double-edged and reversible, and are connected to the front cross-bar and to hinged pivoted legs R, arranged like the leg of a marker, as-before described. The sliding-bar has longitudinal slots 12 in each end, and is reciprocated by means of a shifting-lever, P and friction-roller 8, having their bearngs in the forks s of the longitudinal rocking-levers S, fulcrumed in similar transverse levers T, and carrying the rear plough-beam U on its rear end. These rear ploughs U are constructed and arranged like the others.

Their drag-barsu are, however, pivoted to the axle 'B. The ploughs themselves are shaped like the front ones,

but have, in addition, wings like those of the marker. (See fig. 7.) They are arranged to run one on eacha ide of the marker furrow. Forks t on the transverse levers T uphold'the rocking-levers S, and work in guide-posts on the frame. The levers T are fulcrumed to posts T, and their inner ends overlap and are slotted to receive a pin, 1), attached to a bar, V, sliding vertically in a groove in the post V. A detent-lever, V is pivoted to the bar through hole V in which its lower'end enters, and of a series of holes in post V. This lever is in easy reach of the driver, and when released from the stop, allows the rocking-levers, and conseqnently the ploughs, to bc raised or lowered. When the sliding-bar is locked. the rocking-levers are carried at a nniforlnhheight from the ground; but their respective ends are still free to rise and fall, to allow the plonghs to conform t the undulations of the ground. The drivers seat W is mounted on an arched bar, to, extending across the frame, and so pivoted as to allow the seat to m we back and forth. The seat is braced by a bar, 10, having a slot and set-screw, w, to hold the seat in any desired position.

My invention is peculiarly adapted to the planting of cotton seed, sugar cane, or other like articles, which have a tendency to adhere to each other. A description of its mole of operation in planting cotton will prop erly illustrateits working. 7 V

' The seed are placed in hopper E, and, as the machine advances, are canghtbetween the reciprocating-teeth m, and separated, which separation is completed by the rubbers m. The seed then fall npon the fioorf of hopper F, and through the opening f drop upon the slides H, the teeth h of which, at each reciprocation, carry out a certain quantity of seed. The gates J then descend, and their teeth interlocking those It of the slide, the seed are stripped off and dropped into the spout, through which the seed aredeposited in the furrow made by the marker. In planting cane, it may be cut into proper lengths, and thrown directly into the lower hopper F. The teeth 71. being vertical on their back edges, will push the cane out of the hopper; but their front edges being sloped, thecane will rise over them when pressed against the gate J by the retraction of the slides.

The rear ploughs cover the seed, and the depth to which they cover it may be named by changing the angle of their faces to the furrow. The seeding mechanismmay be thrown out of operation'by removing belts from their pulleys; and as the hopper is only connected to the frame by pins or screws at the corners, while the crank-shafts are held in their'bearings by pins, the entire seeding mechanism can easily be detached.

.As a cultivator, my machine operates like those of the usual construction, and the ploughs can be removed, reversed, and replaced with convenience; the wooden-pin connection prevents injury to the teeth their angle to the furrows may be changed to vary the ridging; they can be readily shifted laterallyby the driver, while the rocking-levers allow the ploughs to yield vertically to conform to undulations of the ground, while the combined machine ridges and marks the ground, and separates, drops, and covers the seed in the most perfect manner.

' What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- .1. The reversible cross-shaped marker 0, constructed, arranged, and operating as described. 2. The reversible rhombohedral spades R, constructed, arranged, and operating as described. 3. The reversible winged co vering-ploughs U, constructed, arranged, and operating as described. 4. Adjusting and holding the spades upon the legsor shovel-stocks by means of the hinged clamps and set-screws, constructed and arranged as described.

5. The combination of the hinged slotted legs with the pivoted drag-bars, having hooks on their rear ends,

to pass through the slots and be held by wooden pins behind the legs, when constructed and arranged as described. v

6. The combination of the marker and front ploughs with the shifting-barf, shiftingdever P, and driver's seat, when arranged for joint operation, as set'forth. I

7.' The combination of the legs;withtheir supporting beams, by means of the laterally adjustable sockets, forks, lugs, and set-screws, constructed, arrange-l, and operating as described.

8. The combination,substantially in the manner described, of the front and rear ploughs, mounted on opposite ends of levers pivoted to rock transversely to the axle, to relieve the strain on the ploughs caused by inequalities in the surface of the ground.

9. The combination of a series of front and rear ploughs with longitudinally rocking-levers, fulcrumed on transverse levers, so connected at their inner ends that the lever-scan simul aneously be raised or lowered by the driver, or be held in any position desired.

10. The combination of the covering-ploughs, attached to the beam suspended from the rear end of the rocking-levers, with the lateral vibratable front ploughs, suspended from the front end of the rocking-levers.

11. The combination of the lifting-levers, sliding-bar V, and detent vywhen arranged in relation to the drivers seat substantially in the manner described. I I

12. The arrangement of the adjustable drivers seat, arched bar, and adjustable back brace, as described.

' 13. The arrangement of the hoppers E and F, as and for the purpose described. I

14. The combination, with the feeding-hopper E, of the reciprocating teeth in and rubbers m, for the purpose ofseparating the seed. 9

15. The combination, with the lower hopper, of the reciprocating toothed feeding-slides.

16. The vertically reciprocating gates J, arranged and operating as described.

17. The combination, substantially in the mannerdescribed, of a hopper, a horizontally reciprocating toothed slide, and a vertically reciprocating gate.

18. The combination of the hopper, the reciprocating slides, the feed-spout, and the marker, for the purposes set fortln.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

HEN RY HUTCHIS ON.

Witnesses:

0. F. BEAN, ROBERT F. HILL. 

